High Drop-out Rate for Students Living in Poverty - 812 Words

Students who are living in poverty are more susceptible to drop out of school or not continue on to a higher education. It is nice to think that money doesn’t control people’s lives but it has a heavy impact on success. If one has a decent amount of money, they can afford a prestigious education. If not, what happens to the kids who are not privileged enough? The reasons students drop out of school heavily depend on the family’s economic status. The students who are underprivileged and come from poor families tend to drop out of school. According to Greg, â€Å"income poverty is the condition of not having enough income to meet basic needs for food, clothing and shelter† (p. 55). Children are born into these circumstances and they are unavoidable. Leo, from Unequal Fortunes, came from a run down neighborhood with low income and dead end jobs. Therefore, Leo never graduated high school. Poverty is a main cause of student drop outs because it decreases their cognitive ability, reduces their schooling achievement and keeps them from making money causing them to remain in poverty. A student’s cognitive ability is being treated by poverty. According to Dr. Pascale (2006), â€Å"Cognitive abilities are brain-based skills need[ed] to carry out any task from the simplest to the most complex†¦the mechanisms of how we learn, remember, problem-solve, and pay attention rather than with any actual knowledge† (p. 1). Cognitive abilities are the simple skills people do from day to day. There was aShow MoreRelatedHigh School Dropouts : Too Many Kids Are Leaving School Before Graduation1284 Words   |  6 PagesHigh School Dropouts Too many kids are leaving school before graduation. High school dropouts rates are increasing everyday. 7,000 students drop out of school each day. One thing that they fail to realize is the cause and effect this will have on their lives. A study from the Alliance for Excellent Education predicts that 12 million kids will drop out in the next decade. Everyday there is a student that drops out of school because of the mentally challenges he/she faces. Stress can be a very hardRead MoreHow Broken Families Rob Children Of Their Chances For Future Prosperity899 Words   |  4 PagesThese misfortunes lead to students not being driven to graduate and dropping out of high school. A big contribution to the drop out rate is not having a stable family. Students who do not have stable parenting at home can lead to students dropping out. In the article â€Å"How Broken Families Rob Children of Their Chances for Future Prosperity† it discusses broken families earn less and experience lower levels of educational achievement. In 1950 the number of children living with broken families wasRead MoreCausal Analysis Paper: Significant Rise in High School Dropout Rates in United States1602 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract In recent times, there has been a significant rise in high school dropout rates in United States of America. This issue has significant attention of academics and researchers and is known as silent epidemic as more and more American teenagers are dropping out from schools before graduation (Bridgeland, DeIulio Morison, 200). Reports suggest that the high school dropout rates before graduation in minorities has reached 50 percent since last decade (Bridgeland, DeIulio Morison, 202,Read MoreCauses Of Students Dropping Out Of High School Across The Country1160 Words   |  5 PagesPaper Final Copy 11/21/14 Student Drop Out There are many numerous causes of students dropping out of high school across the country. However, there are three causes that are most prevalent in students across the globe. One cause is having a lack of parental involvement and participation in a child’s life. The atmosphere in homes and neighborhood play a role in kids dropping out of school. Teacher qualification in teaching is a third reason. High School dropout rates have declined a significantRead MoreEducation And Its Importance Of Education1255 Words   |  6 Pagesday-one problem, bullying, and high dropout rates. These issues are often a big problem and can lead to an education that does not do the United States justice. The first issue is the day one problem. This problem states the beginning of a child’s life is extremely important for a good education. (Strauss) For example, John has parents who have minimal education, never went to college, and are poor. Therefore, John has a definite disadvantage against other students, who have well-educated parentsRead MoreDropping Out Of High School Dropouts Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve heard a lot about high school dropouts. through my years in highschool this topic had always popped up. I wonder is dropping out of high school bad as some make it seem? My opinion is that dropping out high school isn’t as bad as some people make it seem. A lot of smart people drop out of high school, people like Einstein dropped out at age 16 and still accomplished many things in life. I discovered a lot about high school dropouts and the many reasons on why students make this decision. MatthewRead MorePoverty And Chances Of Accomplishing The American Dream Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pages Teofil Husar ENG-111 11/30/16 Poverty and Chances of Accomplishing the American Dream. Everyone has heard of the American dream but is it even achievable? As the years go on, many children are born into poverty and stuck with the possibility of not making it out of the lower class. â€Å"The nations official poverty rate in 2015 was 13.5 percent, with 43.1 million people in poverty, 3.5 million fewer than in 2014. The 1.2 percentage point decrease in the poverty rate from 2014 to 2015 represents theRead MoreThe Common Core Places On Standardized Testing1634 Words   |  7 Pagestreat their students as test scores, and show little interest in their personal lives. This happens to be even more alarming when you realize that countless children in poverty worry about more than what they happen to be learning in school. Another way teachers try increase scores on standardized tests is by showing a â€Å"tolerance of drop outs and the promotion of push outs to get rid of the least academically talented students† (Berliner 254), as we have already discussed high sch ool drop-outs have aRead MoreReasons For Dropout Of School1133 Words   |  5 Pagessystem. African Americans are dropping out at a higher rate than any race. According to Cde.ca.Gov: â€Å"Every year, over 1.2 million students drop out of high school in the United States alone. That’s a student every 26 seconds – or 7,000 a day†. According to Mecurynews â€Å"In Alameda county alone African- Americans had a 67 percent graduation rate while having a 20.1 percent dropout rate. In contrast whites and Asians in the same county had a 91 percent graduation rate.† Growing up in Oakland, CA and goingRead MorePoverty Is The Parent Of Crime And Revolution1635 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is seen in the eyes of a child whose meals are school provided and the sun’s distance is synonymous with the reality of seeing a day where their parents can provide a home cooked meal every night. Poverty is felt on the cement of a corner where a window rolls down and two hands touch the surface of a crumbly dollar bill, one giving and one receiving. Greek Philosopher and scientist Aristotle once said, â€Å"Poverty is the parent of crime and revolution.† Poverty will either make a person take

Lord Of The Flies Diction Analysis - 1045 Words

Without the use of imagery, and diction in novels and literature, the reader would almost be left blind because they have no clue as what to visualize on how the story is meant to be explained. Throughout the whole of William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, these writing strategies are used countless times. â€Å"Imagery means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. Usually it is thought that imagery makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds† (â€Å"Examples and Definition of Imagery† 1). Many of these connotations help the reader depict an image of the feelings of the children as they scour the microcosm of an island, located†¦show more content†¦From just these two points, the reader can already see in their minds, the look of the land. This will help throughout the story as it allows the reader to be educated on exactly what is ha ppening when Golding describes what the children are doing at any given time. This quote exemplifies sensory imagery as it is used in the novel. Another useful quote that pertains to the use of imagery in Goldings Lord of the Flies is, â€Å"The sky, as if in sympathy with the changes among them, was different today and so misty that in some places the hot air seemed white. The disk of the sun was dull silver as though it were nearer and not so hot, yet the air stifled† (131). The first sentence of the quote puts an image in the readers mind that as the state of the boys became more â€Å"savage† the sky reflected that becoming darker. But this time it was lighter, foggy, and stifled, as if the calm after the storm. Even without reading the pages leading up to the quote the reader can visualize that bad things happened the day before, and it was oddly calm the next day. Laube 3 As imagery is used, often times diction backs it up. Throughout the course of the novel, dic tion describes the emotion, speech, or significance of a certain scene, as well as uses keywords in the text to describe all emotion. One example of the use of diction comes on page 77 of William Goldings Lord of the Flies as Ralphs rage is displayed throughShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Native Guard 913 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Analysis Native Guard is a poem that is built on a lot of passion and precision that makes this entire book of poetry stand out. From the beginning with the elusive imagery and foreshadowing of her childhood and her mother’s life we are easily engulfed in the lifestyle of being born in the south. The imagery continues on in the new memory of the pinnacle time of slavery and the Civil War, which shows the true nature of the south through repetition and metaphoric sentences of many gruesomeRead MoreLiterary Analysis of The Rape of the Lock Essays1922 Words   |  8 Pagesthere. Pope is probably the most famous writer from the Age of Reason, and his works are the most widely studied form this time period today. The Rape of the Lock, his most notable publication, was actually inspired by the real world event when a Lord Petre cut of a lock of Arabella Fermors hair. Form, structure, and plot: The poem is a mock epic divided into 5 short cantos, very similar in form to Shakespeares acts. The first act is a kind of exposition, giving background information aboutRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English classRead MoreVictorian Period2321 Words   |  10 PagesRomantic period analysis The beauty of nature and its ability to set you free, the powers of imagination, individuality and a rebellion to tyranny are some of the ideas the romantic period brought to society’s attention. While rejecting neoclassical views of order, reason, tradition, society and formal diction. Romanticism allowed people to get away from the constrained rational views of life and concentrate on an emotional and sentimental side of humanity. The definition of poetry byRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pagescreates a sense of quiet, reinforcing the meaning of the line 3. allegory – Where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolic, of something else, usually a larger abstract concept or important historical/geopolitical event. Lord of the Flies provides a compelling allegory of human nature, illustrating the three sides of the psyche through its sharply-defined main characters. A form of extended metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meaningsRead MoreContrastive Lexicology7808 Words   |  32 PagesLexicology. Lexicography is the science and art of compiling dictionary. The first book published under the English title Dictionary was Latin-English Dictionary by Sir Thomas Elyot (1538). For a medieval scholar a dictionary was a collection of diction or phrases put together for the use of pupils studying Latin. One of the purposes of dictionary in medieval times was glossing texts and employing synonyms for them. Dictionaries are prepared to serve different practical needs of the people. A readerRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagespoetry? Good questions! This web page provides a quick overview of poetry analysis. Please note that this handout discusses the basics of poetry; there is much more to know about it than there is room to discuss here. Laurence Perrine s book LITERATURE: STRUCTURE, SOUND, AND SENSE can provide more detailed information about poetry analysis. Until you can get a copy of the book, I hope this page helps you begin your poetry analysis work. What is poetry ? Poetry goes beyond the rhyming of words. TheRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesï » ¿TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS The purpose of Text Interpretation and Analysis is a literary and linguistic commentary in which the reader explains what the text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model†Read MoreFigurative Language and the Canterbury Tales13472 Words   |  54 Pagesinitial consonant sounds. It serves to please the ear and bind verses together, to make lines more memorable, and for humorous effect. †¢ Already American vessels had been searched, seized, and sunk. -John F. Kennedy †¢ I should like to hear him fly with the high fields/ And wake to the farm forever fled from the childless land. -Dylan Thomas, â€Å"Fern Hill† 3. allusion: A casual reference in literature to a person, place, event, or another passage of literature, often without explicit identificationRead MoreFrancis Bacon15624 Words   |  63 PagesIn this essay, we see how Bacon has a quick, chatty way of writing---almost as if he were talking to himself: â€Å"Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them† It must be noted that the same aphoristic character of the diction is to be found in his later essays. The difference is that, with the passage of time, Bacon toned the rapier-sharp rhythm of his sentences. This is because he perceived that his rapidly growing reading public was made up of people having varying reading

Social Enterprise Management Annals

Questions: 1. Choose either an existing social enterprise or a new/proposed social enterprise for this task. Create a diagram that represents this social enterprise. Explain the contents of the diagram.2.Work with the same social enterprise you chose in the previous task. Create a PESTEL diagram for your chosen social enterprise. Position your original diagram representing the social enterprise in the centre of the PESTEL diagram. Explain the contents of your diagram. Answers: 1. Social enterprise represents an organization that initiates commercial strategies in order to maximize improvements in environmental and human well-being within the society. Social enterprise is relative new phenomenon that primarily focuses on providing as much benefit as possible with the enhancement of the profit level. In this study, the focus would be on Akina Foundation that has focused on supporting people and organizations to drive environmental and social changes. The organization has focused on enhancing the capabilities of other organizations so that they can manufacture products on large scale. Moreover, Akina Foundation also has helped financial support to other business entities so that they can able to handle market related challenges effectively (akina.org.nz, 2017). The business aim of Akina Foundation is to create more job opportunities within the New Zealand market. For that reason, it has always invested huge percentage of the profit on social enhancement persp ectives. The social enterprise perspectives of Akina Foundation are described through following Venn diagram: Figure 1: Social enterprise (Source: Battilana and Lee, 2014) The diagram highlighted different types of organizations including private sector, public sector and civic society organizations present in the market. Now, being a civic society organization, Akina Foundation has always focused on the economic development of the community, which has helped the organization to represent itself as a social enterprise. In fact, Akina Foundation has also focused on providing venture scale up support to other organizations so that it can create maximum job opportunities within the economy. Now, the above diagram also has highlighted a specific portion of public sector is non-profit organization. It primarily focuses on providing benefits to the society (Defourny Nyssens, 2012). However, these types of organizations cannot be considered as social enterprise, as it does not focus on generating revenue from the market. Thus, it has established the fact that social organizations will have to focus on generating revenue from the market. Otherwise, it would b e regarded as non-profit organizations that only looking to provide maximum help to all the society members. On the other hand, the above diagram also has highlighted the fact that a specific portion of the private organizations are also fall into the category of social enterprise. In the present time, many organizations have focused on providing superior level of support services to community so that it can go ahead on the root of prosperity. Now, the focus organization Akina Foundation has always tried to provide majority of the profit revenue for providing help in enlarging their scale of productions. In fact, Akina Foundation has also conducted different workshops for ensuring that all these organizations gather proper skill in running large size operational process in an effective manner (He, Zha Li, 2013). Akina Foundation also have focused on providing effective advisory services to different business entities in order to ensure they remain well accustomed with the advance t echnologies and also for providing proper information regarding the changing trends of the market. In fact, it has also provided advisory services to different start up organizations so that they can able to tackle initial challenges in an appropriate manner. 2. According to Muller (2012) PESTEL analysis is among the popular tools that allow organizations to assess present industry situation effectively. As a result, it would provide major assistance in developing business objectives and marketing strategies for achieving success in the desired market. Now, business objectives of social enterprises like Akina Foundation have always focused on providing maximum support services both financially and knowledge wise for ensuring success in the market. The PESTEL analysis of Akina Foundation is as follows: Political: Political factor reflects the degree to which government intervenes within the market sector. Political factors include different policies, rules and agreement that organizations need to follow for fulfilling the business objectives. Now, social enterprises always receive superior help and support services from all the government rules and regulations so that it can create positive impact on the well being of the society (Shabanova et al., 2015). For instance, New Zealand government has provided huge cut in the tax rate for ensuring the profit level of the organization remains at the higher level. Economical: Economic factor focuses on inflation rate, exchange rate and interest rate, as it can have massive impact on the overall profit level of a business entity. Now, New Zealand government has focused on developing separate rules and regulations for the social enterprises compared to any normal profit organization. For instance, companies like Akina Foundation have received huge amount financial support from the government so that they can able to establish its presence in the entire economy. Social: Social factor focuses on different demographic factors including population growth rate, health consciousness and age, as it can also have major impact on the overall business perspectives of the organizations. Specifically, as Akina Foundation is focusing on providing proper knowledge to the new business entities, it has become necessary to analyze the exact impact social factors can have on the business perspective. Moreover, social factors also help Akina Foundation for recruiting required amount of resources for fulfilling all the activities. Technological: As highlighted by Neuman and Robson (2012) technology is among the most significant factors that can have major impact on the overall profit level of the organization. Now, Akina Foundation has conduct different market survey for assessing the future trends of the business. For that reason, it has also had to include advance technologies for fulfilling all the business processes. Environmental: Environmental factors focuses on the aspects like climate change and weather, as it can have major impact on the business level of many sector. For that reason, Akina Foundation also will have to assess the kind of challenges it might have to face due to any change in the environmental condition. Moreover, it would also induce Akina Foundation to initiate changes in different advisory services. Legal: All the organizations have to maintain legislative rules and regulations for sustaining growth in future as well. Social enterprises like Akina Foundation also have to focus on the regulations like employment law, consumer law, health law and safety law for fulfilling all the business objectives. Figure 2: PESTEL analysis (Source: Ridley-Duff and Bull, 2015) References: akina.org.nz., (2017).?kina Foundation.?kina Foundation. Retrieved 28 February 2017, from https://akina.org.nz Battilana, J., Lee, M. (2014). Advancing research on hybrid organizingInsights from the study of social enterprises.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), 397-441. Defourny, J., Nyssens, M. (2012). The EMES Approach of Social Enterprises in a Comparative Perspective. He, W., Zha, S., Li, L. (2013). Social media competitive analysis and text mining: A case study in the pizza industry.International Journal of Information Management,33(3), 464-472. Muller, E. (2012).Innovation interactions between knowledge-intensive business services and small and medium-sized enterprises: an analysis in terms of evolution, knowledge and territories(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Neuman, W. L., Robson, K. (2012). Basics of social research: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Ridley-Duff, R., Bull, M. (2015).Understanding social enterprise: Theory and practice. Sage. Shabanova, L. B., Ismagilova, G. N., Salimov, L. N., Akhmadeev, M. G. (2015). PEST-Analysis and SWOT-Analysis as the most important tools to strengthen the competitive advantages of commercial enterprises.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(3), 705.

Is Unwealthy A Word Analysis Essay Example

Is Unwealthy A Word Analysis Essay Howard Zinns book passionate declaration, was very interesting in the first chapter American Ideology he talks about the end result of these instances was many if not all of these inferior people were killed. He also talks about how we favor the rich and neglect the poor and that it should be the other way around that life should be an entirely different way. That because of Reagan many issues came to be, Because of Reagan this country is the way it is! Although we live in a democratic country, The ideas of ethical behaviors that were formulated by our forefathers has condemned us to accept them as right. â€Å"Thus we grow up in a society where our choice of idea is limited and where certain ideas are dominant† which is very much true unless you have money your ideas will never be heard, it’s very rare where someone who is unwealthy is hear amongst millions. The only time you are really heard is where you die a tragic death. In chapter 2; Machiavellian Realism and U. S. Foreign Policy: Means and Ends. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Unwealthy A Word Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is Unwealthy A Word Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is Unwealthy A Word Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Howard zinn talks about, what kind of society we want? And how will we get it? â€Å" The instance of building more nuclear weapons when we already possess more than enough to destroy the world†¦ allowing the police to arrest any person on the street refusing to move on when ordered†¦ and consider how often a parent [usually a father] has said to a son or daughter: its good to have idealistic visions of a better world but your living in the real world, so act accordingly† This have all had an effect one or more times in my life. Some may refer to me as a hippie because I’m all about peace on this world or because I refuse to eat animals such as chickens, cows, goats anything with a heartbeat, but my beliefs are my beliefs. I do believe a world without weapons would be wonderful, a world where I don’t have to walk down the street and a cops going to stop me cause he believes I’m being somewhat â€Å"suspicious†. Of course I would love for this world to speak up and use our words rather that use our weapons or hands to harm one another. You ever see a person get called something and notice how one simple word such as â€Å"ugly† can completely set them off and just then you see this person react in a way that they use their words completely to prove a point on how, the specific word you called or used is in no way or fact them on how they spent all that time to prove one person wrong. I wish the world worked in words. I wish we didn’t have to tell our children that this is the world, so act accordingly. I was one of those children, whose father told them that, and my dreams were crushed instantly, I was 9.

buy custom The Countrywide Financial Corporation essay

buy custom The Countrywide Financial Corporation essay The Countrywide Financial Corporation was founded in 1969 by Angelo Mozilo and David Loeb. Angelo Mozilo was the founder and chairman of the corporation. He is also thought to be behind the collapse of the company. In 1969, David Loeb founded the Countrywide in New York. Its intention was to create a nationwide lending firm specializing in mortgage loans. The company proceeded to open retail branches in California and by 1980 they had 40 branches in eight states. The company grew in leaps and bounds and saw it attain a loan origination of 2.2 million totaling to $408 million with 661 branches spread in 48 states. In the year 2008, the company was acquired by Bank of America for $4 billion. Its market value rose to $24 billion in 2006, but in 2007 it rapidly fell, when it emerged that the countrywide mortgages that had been during housing boom were overly risky and was faced with the risk of default. The company set pace on reforms that protected lenders from risks related to loan default. It also led to protection of borrowers with low income from exorbitant interest rates. Was the U.S. federal governments in 1932 intervention in the market for home ownership desirable? How did the creation of Fannie Mae in 1938, Ginnie Mae in 1968, and Freddie Mac in 1970 expand homeownership and shape lending practices at banks and other mortgage lending ?rms? Basing on the achievements realized it is clear that the intervention by the U.S government in the market was desirable. The creation of the Federal Home Loan Bank, for example, gave a provision on which lending to financial institutions is short-term prompting the desire for additional funds for home mortgages. The 1934 National Housing Act promoted homeownership. This is because it provided a system of insuring loans that protected default by borrowers. The creation of Fannie Mae facilitated secondary markets for mortgages. This was issued through guidelines of FHA program. This gave an opportunity to lenders who operated privately. This enabled private lenders to come up with a large count of FHA loans. Furthermore, due to the reason that loans could be sold in the secondary market. Another reason is that the borrower did not have to hold the loan until the loan term elapses. It also meant that another new loan could be created every other time the lender sold enormous loan bundles to secondary market inventors. Fannie Mae also bought mortgages that conventionally conformed to mortgages from the lenders. The reconstituting of Fannie Mae to trade publicly as a government sponsored enterprise saw its activities wiped out from the budget of the U.S federal government and moved its government insured portfolio, FHA mortgages, to corporation, which the government kept under total control. This was later known as Ginnie Mae. However, it remained in custody of Fannie Maes balance sheet. Th chartering of Freddie Mac facilitated the pooling of conforming loans, and came up with securities that were backed by mortgages (MBSs). These were sold as pooled shares on loan to the investors. The yield on interest for these security agencies lay between the U.S Treasury and AAA corporate. This obligation reflected low security risk. The MBSs development widened the secondary market for loans meant to be mortgaged. The reason being that the investors could buy portfolio of loan share other than buy intact portfolio loan. The Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac value to capital share in the market was equivalent to the MBSs obligations and debt guarantee of implicit government of the U.S. It is also important to note that, the Federal Charter demanded that they aid the residential mortgages through the secondary markets. It also obligated them to fund families whose incomes were low or moderate. They were also required to consider mortgage funding geographic distribution. This entailed finance on mortgage for geographic sectors that seemed undeserved. Another benefit that comes along with package of MBSs is that its mandate is to appraise the credit history of the borrower, and guidelines to establish the financial capability of the borrower in meeting the obligations of debt. This is important in establishing the probability of the borrower defaulting. This facilitated the growth of market of mortgage. Also the bolstering of loan program by the Veterans Administration led to zero down payment and reduced interest rates on loans. The housing burst of bubble in the year 2007, when the economy of the United Sates started weakening with the decline in demand for housing caused prices on homes to plummet. The appreciation in prices of homes almost coming to an end saw most of their properties go down. The equity position that was negative led to mortgage balance, which in turn led to fair market value of most of properties. The intervention, therefore, was desirable. This is because most of the issues that affected lending were deliberated on. It led to streamlining of mortgage business. It went along way in ensuring that the lenders were protected from risk that may arise. The borrowers too were not left behind as this ensured that no borrower was discriminated against based on race or geographical locations. The rate on interest towards the borrowers was also fully addressed by the enactment. Why did the U.S. Congress enact the Community Reinvestment Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Depository Institution Deregulation and Monetary Control Act, and the Housing and Community Development Act? Was this legislation effective in expanding homeownership? Did the governments promotion of subprime mortgages and high loan-to-value (LTV) subprime mortgages create additional risks for lenders and the holders of mortgage backed securities (MBSs) or collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)? In order to answer why the U.S Congress enacted the Community Reinvestment Act, it is important to note the reason for enactment. Sources indicates that the CRA and HMDA were enacted after the social activists group started pointing to the statistics that showed that FHA and lenders were involved in the systematic discrimination that was of race. This was directed to minority consumers who leaved in low income neighborhood. This practice was termed as redlining. The activist mobilized the Carter administration and Congress of the United States to come up with this enactment to curb this social injustice in lending and housing. The depository Institution Deregulation and monetary control addressed the concern on lenders who showed the sign of low income redlining of neighborhoods from their disclosures. However, the lenders defended this evil by pointing to the risks associated with loans made to low income earners, employment histories that were not stable, inadequate funds to enable them to make a down payment, or high debt to income levels. The acts, therefore, were enacted to address the concern by wiping out caps on interest rate and giving the lenders the opportunity to highly charge, or subprime rates to borrowers of higher risk. The Housing and Community development act of 1981 set goals for lenders borrowers of low income and gave an opportunity to FHA borrowers with credit records that are not perfect to access loans on mortgage with 90 to 95 percent LTVs. In the year 1995, the administration of Clinton increased the LTV subprime loans causing the CRA to increase home ownership for the Americans who in one way or another were not able to acquire mortgage loans through the conventional criteria of underwriting. The subprime mortgage created an additional risk to the lender. The reason being that-: the lender did not need the borrower to demonstrate how capable he is to repay the loan. The lender granted the borrower with low credit score, a high debt to income level, or a small down payment. The increased MBSs appetite on Wall Street, the brokers of mortgage expanded their net sales to entail requirements on documentation that was relaxed and limited or impaired the history on credit. This lending technique ensured that many borrowers accessed the loan. However, this could impact negatively on the lender incase the borrower defaulted in repaying. It is also important to know that the crisis of S L facilitated mortgage business unbundling. The origination of mortgage and servicing of loans led to a split. It led to pushing of most originations of mortgages into secondary markets as debt which is collateralized known as Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs). The ability of originators of mortgage to sell mortgages that were newly recorded as MBSs led to an increase of mortgage originators. The less strict nature of lending poses a risk on the side of the lender incase of default by the borrower. Buy custom The Countrywide Financial Corporation essay

The Pros and Cons of Year-Round School

The Pros and Cons of Year-Round School Year-round school in the United States is neither a new concept nor an unusual one. Traditional school calendars and year-round schedules both provide students with about 180 days in the classroom. But instead of taking off much of the summertime, year-round school programs take a series of shorter breaks throughout the year. Advocates say the shorter breaks make it easier for students to retain knowledge and are less disruptive to the learning process. Detractors say the evidence to support this assertion is unconvincing. Traditional School Calendars Most public schools in America operate on the 10-month system, which gives students 180 days in the classroom. The school year typically begins a few weeks before or after Labor Day and concludes around Memorial Day, with time off during Christmas and New Years and again around Easter. This school schedule has been the default since the earliest days of the nation when the U.S. was still an agrarian society, and children were needed to work in the fields during the summer. Year-Round Schools Educators began experimenting with a more balanced school calendar in the early 1900s, but the idea of a year-round model didnt really catch on until the 1970s. Some advocates said it would help students retain knowledge. Others said it could help schools reduce overcrowding by staggering start times throughout the year.   The most common application of year-round education uses the 45-15 plan. Students attend school for 45 days, or about nine weeks, then take off for three weeks, or 15 school days. The normal breaks for holidays and spring remain in place with this calendar. Other ways to organize the calendar include the 60-20 and 90-30 plans. Single-track year-round education involves an entire school using the same calendar and getting the same holidays off. Multiple-track year-round education puts groups of students in school at different times with different vacations. Multitracking usually occurs when school districts want to save money. PeopleImages / Getty Images Arguments in Favor As of 2017, nearly 4,000 public schools in the U.S. follow a year-round schedule- around 10 percent of the nations students. Some of the most common reasons in favor of year-round schooling are as follows: Students tend to forget a lot during the summer, and shorter vacations might increase retention rates.School buildings unused in the summer are wasted resources.Short breaks provide time for students to receive enrichment education.Remediation can occur when it is most needed during the school year.Students get bored during the long break of summer.It gives families more options for scheduling vacations, rather than restricting travel to summertime.Other countries around the world use this system.Schools on year-round schedules can accommodate more students through multitracking. Rushay Booysen / EyeEm / Getty Images Arguments Against Opponents say year-round schooling hasnt proven to be as effective as its advocates claim. Some parents also complain that such schedules make it more difficult to plan family vacations or child care. Some of the most common arguments against year-round schools include: Studies have not conclusively proven the academic benefits.Students forget information just as easily with a three-week break as 10. Therefore, teachers on a year-round system end up with four periods of review instead of just one at a new school year.Summer programs such as youth camps suffer.Student summer employment becomes virtually impossible.Many older school buildings do not have air conditioning, making a year-round schedule impractical.Band and other extracurricular programs can run into problems scheduling practices and competitions, which often take place during the summer months.With multitracking, parents could have students at the same school on different schedules. School administrators considering year-round education should identify their goals and investigate whether a new calendar can help achieve them. When implementing any significant change, involving all stakeholders in the decision and the process improves the outcome. If students, teachers, and parents dont support a  new schedule, a transition could be difficult. Sources National Education Association staff. Research Spotlight on Year-Round Education. NEA.org, 2017. Niche.com staff. Schools Without Summer Break: An In-Depth Look at Year-Round Schooling. Niche.com, 12 April 2017. Weller, Chris. Year-Round School is Booming but Its Benefits Are Overhyped. BusinessInsider.com, 5 June 2017. Zubrzycki, Jacklyn. Year-Round Schooling Explained. Edweek.org, 18 December 2015.

Laws on Property Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Laws on Property - Essay Example The Supreme Court in a divided decision held that the City's purpose of expropriation, which is to give the property to a private entity for development, falls under the term, for "public use." The Court held that the City as a whole would benefit because the development would bring much-needed capital, investments and work to the City of New London which is in dire need of an economic uplift. Thus, despite the fact that the City would expropriate the property and give it to a private entity, it would still be for "public use" Real property is protected by the registration through the Torrens System of Land Registration, which is popularly used all over the world. This system was invented by Australian Sir Robert Richard Torrens, as a means of simplifying how we transfer ownership of real property. As an owner of the land, I would have it registered and have to follow the requirements set by law, and upon registration, I am issued a Torrens Title, which is my evidence or proof of ownership of the land. The great characteristics of the system are that upon registration, the Title binds and protects my ownership of the land forever to the whole world unless I decide to transfer it or sell it, which should be registered as well. The essential idea [] is simple: Artists and creators should be able to enjoy the fruits of their labor for a specified time period, after which the material becomes available for public use. Society benefits because this incentive to create will yield a rich and varied cultural menu for its citizens. (On-line) Therefore, it is clear that laws are created to protect an individual's intellectual property, and gives him ample time to benefit from his creations, and upon the expiration of the time given, the protection is lifted, and the public may benefit. Another case I briefed is on the topic of protection of intellectual property, entitled Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. vs. Samara Brothers Inc., (2000). In this case, the defendant Samara Brothers, Inc. is a company that designs and manufactures children's clothes. Samara filed a case against Wal-Mart Stores because it found out that Wal-Mart Stores had entered into a contract with Judy-Philippine, Inc. to manufacture children's outfits based on pictures of clothes made by Samara and would be sold under a Wal-Mart label, "Small Steps." The case was on the charge of infringement of unregistered trade dress on the legal basis of section 43(a) of the Trademark Act of 1946. Upon reaching the Supreme Court on Certiorari, the Court held that the designs of Samara did not constitute the legal definition of an unregistered trade dress that would warrant protection under the law. This reasoning came about due to the fact that the product's designs are not distinctive enough to constitutional protection under Section 43(a). Just because a product's design almost always identifies the product to the manufacturer, Samara's designs do not make them so distinctive as to cause confusion on the consumers.